Ecuador Country Profile
Key Facts of Ecuador
| Government type: | presidential republic |
| Capital: | Quito |
| Languages: | Spanish (Castilian; official) 98.6%, indigenous 3.9% (Quechua 3.2%, other indigenous 0.7%), foreign 2.8%, other 0.6% (includes Ecuadorian sign language) (2022 est.) |
Ecuador Demographic Data
Ethnic Groups in Ecuador(2022 est.)
Religious Groups in Ecuador (2023 est.)
Age pyramid of Ecuador
Ecuador Economy Statistics
Economic overview of Ecuador
highly informal South American economy; USD currency user; major banana exporter; hard hit by COVID-19; macroeconomic fragility from oil dependency; successful debt restructuring; China funding budget deficits; social unrest hampering economic activity
Ecuador Real GDP (purchasing power parity) in Billion $
Ecuador Real GDP per capita in $
Ecuador's Exports & Imports in billion $
Top 5 Import Partnerin 2022 (63%) of Ecuador
Top 5 Import Commoditiesin 2022 of Ecuador
- refined petroleum ⛽
- coal tar oil 🛢️
- cars 🚗
- natural gas 💨
- soybean meal 🫘🍲
Top 5 Export Partnerin 2022 (63%) of Ecuador
Top 5 Export Commoditiesin 2022 of Ecuador
- crude petroleum 🛢️
- shellfish 🐟
- bananas 🍌
- fish 🐟
- refined petroleum ⛽
Geography of Ecuador
Map of Ecuador
Land and Water Distrubtion of Ecuador
Natural Resources of Ecuador
- petroleum 🛢️
- fish 🐟
- timber 🌲
- hydropower 💧⚡
Climate inEcuador
tropical along coast, becoming cooler inland at higher elevations; tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands
History of Ecuador - a Summary
What is now Ecuador formed part of the northern Inca Empire until the Spanish conquest in 1533. Quito -- the traditional name for the area -- became a seat of Spanish colonial government in 1563 and part of the Viceroyalty of New Granada in 1717. The territories of the Viceroyalty -- New Granada (Colombia), Venezuela, and Quito -- gained their independence between 1819 and 1822 and formed a federation known as Gran Colombia. When Quito withdrew to become an independent republic in 1830, the traditional name was changed to the "Republic of the Equator." Between 1904 and 1942, Ecuador lost territories in a series of conflicts with its neighbors. A border war with Peru that flared in 1995 was resolved in 1999. Although Ecuador has had nearly 50 years of civilian governance, the period has been marked by political instability.